Showing posts with label Year 2. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Year 2. Show all posts

Friday, May 10, 2013

Canadian Year 2 - another book added



I found a good book for sale at the library a while ago which I think fills my desire to add something about Native Canadians into Year 2 - so I am adding it in now, so that Echo can do it next year.  (I may have Delta listen in on the readings too...)

Most of the year will be based on AO's Year 2

Booklist Change Summary:
  • Remove - This Country of Ours.  (Used the D'Aulaire biographies where there is an option.  TCOO is not used at all)
  • Add - Great Canadian Lives
  • Add - Canadian Minutes from Historica (these are the "Canadian Minute" ads from TV - we watch them online)
  • Add - Native Canadians - Today and Long Ago by Elma Schemenauer
  • Add - The Fishing Summer (authors last name is Jam)
  • Add - [Short Canadian Picture book TBD]
  • Add - Owls in the Family (Fawley Mowatt)
  • Optional in Free Reads - Abraham Lincoln & Brighty of the Grand Canyon 
  • Note - we also don't do Trial and Triumph
  • (Add - Young Folk's History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints by Nephi Anderson) 
Note - I generally tried not to add something without removing something, so as not to overburden the year. For History, that was generally easy, as we were not doing Trial and Triumph, and also removed the US History.   For Literature, I made 2 books optional in the Free Reads - and 2 of the Canadian additions are fairly "light"   I also looked at the number of readings each week, as well as chronology of the history, to determine where to add in the Canadian content.


Weekly Changes 
(I haven't noted the readings by week that you don't read from the AO schedule for the books that were removed.)

GCL= Great Canadian Lives

Week 1
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 1
  • GCL - The Mists of Time (summary)
  • The Fishing Summer (entire book)

Week 2
  • GCL - Hoei Shin
Week 3
  • GCL - Brendan the Bold
Week 4
  • GCL - An Igloolik Family
  • Canadian Minute - Inukshuk
Week 5
Week 7
  • GCL - Gudrid

Week 8
  • Native Canadians - Meeting Walter and His Family


Week 9
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 3
  • Native Canadians - Walter's School Play

Week 10
  • Native Canadians - Visiting Bev and Aunt Rose
  • Canadian Picture Book [TBD]

Week 11
  • Native Canadians - Making Bannock  [good activity to do]


Week 12
  • Native Canadians - Native Peoples Long Ago (Introduction)

Week 13
  • Native Canadians - Map  [good map to make for the term]
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 4

Week 14
  • Native Canadians - Eastern Woodland Hunters
Week 15
  • Native Canadians - Picture Writing
Week 16
  • Native Canadians - Eastern Corn Planters

Week 17
  • Native Canadians - Visiting a Longhouse
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 5
Week 18

  • GCL - Dekanawida
  • Canadian Minute - Peacemaker


Week 19
  • Native Canadians - Prairie Bison Hunters


Week 20
  • Native Canadians - The Circle

Week 21
  • Native Canadians - The Bison
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 6

Week 22
  • Native Canadians - Western Plateau Peoples


Week 23
  • Native Canadians - A Shaped Poem


Week 24
  • Native Canadians - Building a Mound House


Week 25
  • Native Canadians - Pacific Coast Peoples
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 7

Week 26
  • Native Canadians - Clothing of the Pacific Coast Peoples


Week 27
  • Native Canadians - Northern Caribou Hunters
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 1
Week 28
  • Native Canadians - The Caribou
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 2
Week 29
  • Native Canadians - The Inuit
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 3
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 8
Week 30
  • Native Canadians - Inuit Boats
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 4
Week 31
  • Native Canadians - Animals of the North
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 5
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 6
Week 32 
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 7
Week 33 
  • GCL - Robert Thorne the Elder
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 8
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 9
Week 34
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 9
Week 35
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 10
Week 36
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 11

Monday, March 25, 2013

Canadian Year 2 - A few Changes




The only change from my previous version is adding in a few chapters from Great Canadian Lives, to match my Year 3 changes.  (If you are already partway through the previous Year 2 - just do the first few stories read from Great Canadian Lives at a rate of 1 or 2 a week until the first section (Mists of Time) is done).

Most of the year will be based on AO's Year 2

Booklist Change Summary:

  • Remove - This Country of Ours.  (Used the D'Aulaire biographies where there is an option.  TCOO is not used at all)
  • Add - Great Canadian Lives
  • Add - Canadian Minutes from Historica (these are the "Canadian Minute" ads from TV - we watch them online)
  • Add - The Fishing Summer (authors last name is Jam)
  • Add - The Fabulous Song (authors last name is Gillmor)
  • Add - Owls in the Family (Fawley Mowatt)
  • Optional in Free Reads - Abraham Lincoln & Brighty of the Grand Canyon 
  • Note - we also don't do Trial and Triumph
  • (Add - Young Folk's History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints by Nephi Anderson) 
Note - I generally tried not to add something without removing something, so as not to overburden the year. For History, that was generally easy, as we were not doing Trial and Triumph, and also removed the US History.   For Literature, I made 2 books optional in the Free Reads - and 2 of the Canadian additions are fairly "light"   I also looked at the number of readings each week, as well as chronology of the history, to determine where to add in the Canadian content.


Weekly Changes 
(I haven't noted the readings by week that you don't read from the AO schedule for the books that were removed.)

GCL= Great Canadian Lives

Week 1
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 1
  • GCL - The Mists of Time (summary)
  • The Fishing Summer (entire book)

Week 2
  • GCL - Hoei Shin
Week 3
  • GCL - Brendan the Bold
Week 4
  • GCL - An Igloolik Family
  • Canadian Minute - Inukshuk
Week 5
Week 7
  • GCL - Gudrid
Week 9
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 3

Week 10
  • The Fabulous Song (entire book)

Week 13
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 4

Week 17
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 5
Week 21
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 6

Week 23
  • GCL - Dekanawida
  • Canadian Minute - Peacemaker

Week 25
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 7
Week 27
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 1
Week 28
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 2
Week 29
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 3
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 8
Week 30
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 4
Week 31
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 5
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 6
Week 32 
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 7
Week 33 
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 8
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 9
Week 34
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 9
Week 35
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 10
Week 36
  • GCL - Robert Thorne the Elder
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 11

Wednesday, November 21, 2012

Canadianized AO - Year 2 (updated)



Because the AO Curriculum changed their Science Books slightly for Year 2, it just seemed that our Term 2 was a bit heavy with Owls in the Family there, and then our Term 3 was ending up on the light side.  So I've moved Owls in the Family to Term 3, from my previous schedule.

I am also removing "The Story of Canada" by Janet Lunn - as we will be using "The Story of Canada" by E.L. Marsh instead - starting in Year 3.

Most of the year will be based on AO's Year 2

Booklist Change Summary:

  • Remove - This Country of Ours.  (Used the D'Aulaire biographies where there is an option.  TCOO is not used at all)
  • Add - Canadian Minutes from Historica (these are the "Canadian Minute" ads from TV - we watch them online)
  • Add - The Fishing Summer (authors last name is Jam)
  • Add - The Fabulous Song (authors last name is Gillmor)
  • Add - Owls in the Family (Fawley Mowatt)
  • Optional in Free Reads - Abraham Lincoln & Brighty of the Grand Canyon 
  • Note - we also don't do Trial and Triumph
  • (Add - Young Folk's History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints by Nephi Anderson) 
Note - I generally tried not to add something without removing something, so as not to overburden the year. For History, that was generally easy, as we were not doing Trial and Triumph, and also removed the US History.   For Literature, I made 2 books optional in the Free Reads - and 2 of the Canadian additions are fairly "light"   I also looked at the number of readings each week, as well as chronology of the history, to determine where to add in the Canadian content.


Weekly Changes 
(I haven't noted the readings by week that you don't read from the AO schedule for the books that were removed.)


Week 1
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 1
  • The Fishing Summer (entire book)
Week 5
Week 9
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 3

Week 10
  • The Fabulous Song (entire book)


Week 13
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 4


Week 17
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 5


Week 21
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 6

Week 25
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 7
Week 27
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 1
Week 28
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 2
Week 29
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 3
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 8
Week 30
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 4
Week 31
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 5
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 6
Week 32 
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 7
Week 33 
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 8
  • Young Folk's History... - Chapter 9
Week 34
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 9
Week 35
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 10
Week 36
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 11

Saturday, June 2, 2012

Canadianized AO Year 2


UPDATED HERE

Well, as you have probably heard, we are trying AmblesideOnline again - which means we need to Canadianize it.   There are some ideas on doing this on the AO site here, but for Years 1-3, we just didn't have access to any of the Canadian History books recommended.  I am still not totally satisfied with the history books we have found - but will make use of what is available.

My general plans for all the years, are available here, (there are some changes) - but this post will give much more detailed information for Year 2, including fitting it in the AO Year 2 schedule.  Note that we haven't done Year 2 yet - so there may be changes in the future.

Most of the year will be based on AO's Year 2

Booklist Change Summary:

  • Remove - This Country of Ours.  (Used the D'Aulaire biographies where there is an option.  TCOO is not used at all)
  • Add - The Story of Canada  - Janet Lunn (Note that you could also use My First History of Canada / Great Canadian Lives option - I haven't planned out the weeks for that option)
  • Add - Canadian Minutes from Historica (these are the "Canadian Minute" ads from TV - we watch them online)
  • Add - The Fishing Summer (authors last name is Jam)
  • Add - The Fabulous Song (authors last name is Gillmor)
  • Add - Owls in the Family (Fawley Mowatt)
  • Optional in Free Reads - Abraham Lincoln & Brighty of the Grand Canyon 
  • Note - we also don't do Trial and Triumph
Note - I generally tried not to add something without removing something, so as not to overburden the year. For History, that was generally easy, as we were not doing Trial and Triumph, and also removed the US History.   For Literature, I made 2 books optional in the Free Reads - and 2 of the Canadian additions are fairly "light"   I also looked at the number of readings each week, as well as chronology of the history, to determine where to add in the Canadian content.


Weekly Changes 
(I haven't noted the readings by week that you don't read from the AO schedule for the books that were removed.)

Week 1

  • Watch the Vikings  Canadian moment on Historica
  • Story of Canada - Strangers on the Coast - 1st Section, and "Where was Vinland"
Week 5
  • The Fishing Summer (entire book)
Week 10
  • The Fabulous Song (entire book)
Week 13
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 1
Week 14
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 2
Week 15
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 3
Week 16
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 4
Week 17
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 5
Week 18
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 6
Week 19
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 7
Week 21  (yes, no reading in week 20)
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 8
Week 22
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 9
Week 23
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 10
Week 24
  • Owls in the Family Chapter 11
Week 33
  • Story of Canada - Strangers on the Coast - Explorers Section
Week 34
  • Story of Canada - Strangers on the Coast - St Stadacona Section
Week 35
  • Story of Canada - Strangers on the Coast - Fur Traders and Northern Seas Section
Week 36
  • Story of Canada - Strangers on the Coast - Rats, Weeds, and Viruses Section

Sunday, February 27, 2011

Year 2 Booklist - updated


This is the revised Year 2 booklist for Maple Hill Academy.


This booklist is based on the Ambleside Online program, and the Milestones Academy program, with adjustments.



Follow the Ambleside Online Year 2 with the following changes:


Scriptures:
Penny Gardner Storied Scriptures

Scripture Memorizations (your choice)
Optional:
Reading from Church Magazines
Singing Primary Song (Select 1 per month. Can also sing in Foreign Language or ASL)


History:
Remove This Country of Ours
Add in Family History (Genealogy) - Learn about Grandparents


History Tales and/or Biography:
We do not do Trial and Triumph - your choice


Canadian History:
See Canadian History Plan


Geography:
no changes


Natural History/Science:
(Add in "Wild Days" - Karen Radcliffe as a reference for parent)
(Add in "Pocket Full of Pinecones" - Karen Andreola as a reference/inspiration for parent)
Add in (for reading practice as well as science) Christian Nature Reader Book 2 (or appropriate level) WHEN child is ready to read it.


Phonics: (Reading Instruction)
See Maple Hill posts on teaching reading
(Christian Nature Reader Book 2 (or appropriate level) WHEN child is ready to read it - for science as well as reading practice)


Math:
We strongly recommend the Mathmatics Enhancement Programme
Another free choice is Khan Academy which is nice for a little change, but can also be a stand-alone online program.


Foreign Language: (We are doing German, but it is your choice)

(See Year 1 if just starting)

Find 3 German story books with Audio CD's (1 per term)
Do copywork from the German books
Translate small passages into English orally
Find more German songs

Optional: Practice Primary song of the month in German
Optional: Primsleur German


Poetry:
no change.



Writing/Copywork:
Peterson Directed Handwriting (Cursive Step 3) (if moving from print, might want to start with Step 2 instead, but can start with Step 3 - it will move faster) If you have already done Step 2, still do Step 3 - it teaches a more adult proportion to the letters)

Selected copywork from readings/scriptures/etc.


Literature:
no changes

Canadian Literature:
See Canadian Literature Plan


Free Reading:
Remove "Abraham Lincoln"
Remove "Brighty of the Grand Canyon" (to make room for Canadian Literature)
Add "Levi's Life" - Kathryn Louis


Sketching/Painting
Basic Observation Drawing - some resources


Picture Study:
some info
Family Rotation


Music(read how-to) [note this How-to is on Milestones Academy]

Recommended - Violin, Piano OR Recorder (inexpensive) OR other similar instruments


Do NOT start more than one instrument at once! Wait until a student is very comfortable with 1 instrument before starting another.


Violin
- Suzuki Violin [we do this with an instructor ] - Recommended Resource "Step-by-Step" series by Kerstin Wartberg


Piano
- Suzuki Piano [we do this without an instructor] Recommended Resource "Studying Suzuki Piano: More than Music" by Bigler and Lloyd-Watts
- another option is Piano Adventures - Information and Video Lesson Guide here!


Recorder option for a very inexpensive music alternative, or for the parent that is too uncomfortable trying to teach something else on their own...

Nine-Note Recorder method (there is a "Beyond Nine-Note" book too, if you get to this point.) [note, we haven't tried this yet]


Other
Similar instruction in another instrument. (ie, Suzuki Cello)


Scouting:
Scouting Plan for their age

Saturday, April 24, 2010

Year 2 Modifications



This is the Modifications for the Year 2 booklist, for children that did the older version of the Year 1 booklist.

Science/Nature
(modified because the student read Burgess Bird Book in year 1, and didn't read the Christian Nature Reader Book 1)

* Handbook of Nature Study - Anna Botsford Comstock - used for several years. 1911 version available here
* Wild Days - Karen Radcliffe
* Pocket Full of Pinecones - Karen Andereola

(1) Christian Nature Reader Book 1 by Julia Write
(2) Christian Nature Reader Book 2 by Julia Write
(3) Christian Nature Reader Book 3 by Julia Write
(tbd) Pagoo - Holling C. Holling

Family Science Rotation

Literature

remove Charlotte's Web, replace with The Boxcar Children

Canadian History

add in
A Child's History of the Life of Christopher Columbus by Josephine Pollard
if you can.

Year 2 Booklist


[updated 25 July 2010]

This is the Year 2 booklist for Maple Hill Academy. Thanks to all the sites and curriculums that I have used as a base to form this list!

Term numbers will be denoted by the number before the title as such: (1) Bookname. If there are no term numbers, the book is used for the entire term. (or has not been determined)
* denotes the book/resource is for the parent (at least mostly)

(note - links need to be checked...)
Devotional
Family Rotation using Penny Gardner Storied Scriptures
Scripture Memorizations
Optional:
Reading from Church Magazines
Singing Primary Song (Select 1 per month. Can also sing in Foreign Language or ASL)

Math
Mathmatics Enhancement Programme - Year 2 (or appropriate level for your child)

Reading Instruction (as needed)
see Year 1 list, and how to articles

If your child does not yet read fluently, be patient. Read books aloud as needed, and do buddy reading (where you each take a turn).


Science/Nature

* Handbook of Nature Study - Anna Botsford Comstock - used for several years. 1911 version available here
* Wild Days - Karen Radcliffe
* Pocket Full of Pinecones - Karen Andereola

(1,2) Burgess Bird Book for Children (download available...)
extra resource - http://satorismiles.com/2010/03/08/burgess-bird-book-companion/#1
(3) Pagoo - Holling C. Holling
Christian Nature Reader Books 2 & 3 by Julia Write
Family Science Rotation

History - Family
Learn about Grandparents, events they remember, places they lived, etc.
(if a Grandparent is not available due to death or other reason, the parent should share any rememberances, pictures, etc)

History - Canada
Great Canadian LIves: Portraits in Heroism to 1867 (Chapters 1-3) - Karen Ford, Janet MacLean, Barry Wansbrough
(stop at "The Colony at Peace" - this gives about 60 portraits to do over the 36 weeks of school)

My First History of Canada - By Donalda Dickie & Rudiger Krause (Chapters 1-9)
(Note, read the 2 history books together, so you are covering the same time periods together)...


History - World
(1) Thirty More Famous Stories Retold - James Baldwin (available as download)
(2,3) Fifty Famous People - James Baldwin
Family World History Rotation

Geography
General Map Reading skills using map of our city (if child hasn't done it yet)
(1,2)Tree in the Trail - Holling C. Holling
(2,3)Seabird - Holling C. Holling
Locate History and (if appropriate) Literature locations on Map
Family Geography Rotation


Writing/Copywork
Cursive First or similar program if child hasn't learned cursive

Simple Copywork - select short passages from current literature books or scriptures. At least a few should be chosen by the student.


Poetry
(Read one poem a day - memorize 1 each term)

Note that these choices are also used in Year 1. Pick poems that were missed the first time, or favourites - or see alternative option below, or select your own choice of poems.

(1) A children's Garden of Verses - by Robert Louis Stevenson
(2) Now We are Six - A.A. Milne
(2) When we were very young - A.A. Milne
(3) Oxford Book of Children's Verse [if Available - very expensive] or other poem book

OR

To Be Determined

Read Aloud Literature
Pilgrim's Progress: Book 1, Christian's Journey (audio book available)
Any books under Literature that the student will not be able to read on their own

Literature
(Suggested to be read by student alone and narrated)
Beginning or Slower readers, choose fewer of selections and read less per day - do the others as read-alouds. Buddy Reading is also a possibility (where you take turns reading)

(1) Understood Betsy - Dorothy Canfield Fisher (download available)
(1) Five Little Peppers and How They Grew - Margaret Sidney (download available)
(1) Charlotte's Web - E. B. White
(2) The Wind in the Willows - Kenneth Grahame (download available)
(2) A Bear Called Paddington - Michael Bond
(2) The Story of Doctor Doolittle - Hugh Lofting (download available)
(3) Stewart Little - E. B. White
(3) Levi's Life - Kathryn Louis
(3) Just David OR Pollyanna - Eleanor Porter (download available)

Canadian Literature
Canadian Wonder Tales - Macmilliam

Additional Literature
(No narrations are required - can be family reads, or read during spare time.)

Pied Piper of Hamlin - Robert Browning (download available)
Hans Christian Andersen Fairy Tales (download available)
Farmer Boy - Laura Ingalls Wilder
Homer Price - Robert McCloskey
Sarah Plain and Tall - Patricia MacLachlan
Skylark - Patricia MacLachlan
Little House on the Prairie - Laura Ingalls Wilder

Shakespeare
Family Rotation
(using Beautiful Stories from Shakespeare - Edith Nesbit)

Sketching/Painting

To Be Determined

Basic Observation Drawing - some resources

Picture Study
some info
Family Rotation

Handicrafts
will vary due to interest... suggestions (for both boys and girls)

Any from Year 1 (continue any that interest the student!)
Baking
Sew on Buttons, Simple Hemming
Origami
Simple Needlework
Woodworking (free days at many renovation stores)

Music
(read how-to) [note this How-to is on Milestones Academy]
Recommended - Violin, Piano OR Recorder (inexpensive) OR other similar instruments

Violin
Suzuki Violin [we do this with an instructor ]

Piano
Suzuki Piano - taught by parent (combined with the following)
continue My First Piano Adventures, or if finished, move to Piano Adventures, appropriate level

if just starting Piano
use Primer Level of Piano Adventures (Note, you will need the 4 main books!) Use the Online Teacher's Guide!

Recorder
option for a very inexpensive music alternative, or for the parent that is too uncomfortable trying to teach something like Piano keeping just a few lessons ahead...

Nine-Note Recorder method [note, we haven't tried this yet]
You can do the "Beyond Nine-Note" book too if you get to this point.

Other

Similar instruction in another instrument. (ie, Suzuki Cello)

Foreign Language - German (make similar choices for your language)
If just starting, see Year 1...
(why German)

First Step auf Deutsch (Note, this is available in French and Spanish too) - continue where you left off, or review
Find 3 German story books with Audio Tapes
Transcribe Sentences from the German books
Translate small passages into English orally
Find more German songs online
Optional: Practice Primary song of the month in German

Citizenship
Polite Moments - Gary Maldaner (selected sections)

Scouting
(extra badges may be worked on as desired)

complete any badges not finished in Year 1
Otters - Green Paw (Nature) -note, plant your tree right away if you didn't in year 1!
Otters - Service Badge
Otters - Swimming Otter Badge (kind of a graduation badge)

Wednesday, June 10, 2009

Math Plan


My overall plan involves using the MEP (Mathematics Enhancement Program) for the first years of math, and "Life of Fred" for the later years. This is my goal, however math is a subject that needs to be catered to the needs of the student. On my Math Overview page, I list some free and inexpensive alternatives, enhancement activities, and basics on figuring out where to start if your student is not a year 1 student. For the later years, you may wish to change the order of topics if needed for other subjects (for instance, you may need Trig earlier for physics.)



Year 0


I do not advocate specific instruction on math for children in Year 0 (preschool ages) except for day to day life and regular play. However, many math concepts can be introduced lightly in life. Simple counting of real life objects. (With young children of age 2 or 3, start with the concept of 1, 2, and more than 2 - with real things. Don't proceed to higher numbers until this is sure.) The older child can do estimation of numbers with you using small items like seads. Other things I have done...

  • provide puzzles of the right difficulty.
  • Lego's and other building blocks provide math skills and engineering skills (just let them play)
  • mosaic boards / peg boards.... light brites. (adds practice with fine motor skills too)
  • Practice "Left" and "Right" through games
  • Maze workbooks are fun
  • The occasional Dot-to-Dot can be fun (but can be overdone too)
  • Opportunities to play with playing cards
    • matching numbers
    • sort by colour
    • sort by number
    • sort by suit
    • sort numerically by suit
    • War - introduces Greater than and Less than

  • Opportunities to play board games with adult/older kids (counting squares, dice numbers)
  • Dominoes - matching, adding....


Children should get opportunities to do Year 0 activities throughout later years...

Year K


Year 1